Keluaran 10:6

10:6 They will fill your houses, the houses of your servants, and all the houses of Egypt, such as ¹  neither ²  your fathers nor your grandfathers have seen since they have been ³  in the land until this day!’” Then Moses ⁴  turned and went out from Pharaoh.

Keluaran 11:8

11:8 All these your servants will come down to me and bow down ⁵  to me, saying, ‘Go, you and all the people who follow ⁶  you,’ and after that I will go out.” Then Moses ⁷  went out from Pharaoh in great anger.

Keluaran 12:39

12:39 They baked cakes of bread without yeast using the dough they had brought from Egypt, for it was made without yeast – because they were thrust out ⁸  of Egypt and were not able to delay, they ⁹  could not prepare ¹⁰  food for themselves either.

Keluaran 32:8

32:8 They have quickly turned aside ¹¹  from the way that I commanded them – they have made for themselves a molten calf and have bowed down to it and sacrificed to it and said, ‘These are your gods, O Israel, which brought you up from the land of Egypt.’”

[10:6]  ¹ tn The relative pronoun אֲשֶׁר (’asher) is occasionally used as a comparative conjunction (see GKC 499 §161.b).

[10:6]  ² tn Heb “which your fathers have not seen, nor your fathers’ fathers.”

[10:6]  ³ tn The Hebrew construction מִיּוֹם הֱיוֹתָם (miyyom heyotam, “from the day of their being”). The statement essentially says that no one, even the elderly, could remember seeing a plague of locusts like this. In addition, see B. Childs, “A Study of the Formula, ‘Until This Day,’” JBL 82 (1963).

[10:6]  ⁴ tn Heb “he”; the referent (Moses) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[11:8]  ⁵ sn Moses’ anger is expressed forcefully. “He had appeared before Pharaoh a dozen times either as God’s emissary or when summoned by Pharaoh, but he would not come again; now they would have to search him out if they needed help” (B. Jacob, Exodus, 289-90).

[11:8]  ⁶ tn Heb “that are at your feet.”

[11:8]  ⁷ tn Heb “and he”; the referent (Moses) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[12:39]  ⁸ sn For the use of this word in developing the motif, see Exod 2:17, 22; 6:1; and 11:1.

[12:39]  ⁹ tn Heb “and also.”

[12:39]  ¹⁰ tn The verb is עָשׂוּ (’asu, “they made”); here, with a potential nuance, it is rendered “they could [not] prepare.”

[32:8]  ¹¹ tn The verb is a perfect tense, reflecting the present perfect nuance: “they have turned aside” and are still disobedient. But the verb is modified with the adverb “quickly” (actually a Piel infinitive absolute). It has been only a matter of weeks since they heard the voice of God prohibiting this.